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2.6 Multi-Region Fabric Design

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Field Value
Document Title Multi-Region Fabric Design
Section Number 2.6
Version 1.0
Last Updated December 30, 2025
Author Network Architecture Team
Classification Internal Use

2.6.1 Multi-Region Fabric Overview

Purpose and Business Drivers

Multi-Region Fabric (MRF) enables hierarchical SD-WAN deployments that scale beyond traditional single-region limitations while optimizing control plane efficiency and regional traffic localization. For Abhavtech.com's global deployment across India, EMEA, and Americas, MRF provides critical architectural benefits.

MRF Architecture Comparison

Aspect Single Region Multi-Region Fabric Benefit
vSmart Scalability All sites to all vSmarts Regional vSmarts 60% control plane reduction
Route Advertisement Full mesh Hierarchical summarization Faster convergence
Inter-Region Traffic Direct tunnels Border router aggregation Simplified topology
Failure Domain Global Regional isolation Localized impact
Policy Scope Global Regional + Global Granular control
Max WAN Edges 6,000 20,000+ Future scalability

MRF Topology Design

                          MULTI-REGION FABRIC ARCHITECTURE
+==============================================================================+
|                                                                              |
|                              ACCESS REGIONS                                  |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   |                                                                  |      |
|   |  +------------+     +------------+     +-------------+           |      |
|   |  |  REGION 1  |     |  REGION 2  |     |  REGION 3   |           |      |
|   |  |   INDIA    |     |    EMEA    |     |  AMERICAS   |           |      |
|   |  +------+-----+     +------+-----+     +------+------+           |      |
|   |         |                  |                  |                  |      |
|   |    +---------+        +---------+        +---------+             |      |
|   |    |vSmart-1 |        |vSmart-3 |        |vSmart-5 |             |      |
|   |    |Mumbai   |        |Chennai  |        |(Future) |             |      |
|   |    +---------+        +---------+        +---------+             |      |
|   |    |vSmart-2 |        |vSmart-4 |        |vSmart-6 |             |      |
|   |    |Mumbai   |        |Chennai  |        |(Future) |             |      |
|   |    +---------+        +---------+        +---------+             |      |
|   |         |                  |                  |                  |      |
|   +---------|------------------|------------------|------------------+      |
|             |                  |                  |                         |
|             v                  v                  v                         |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   |                     TRANSPORT REGIONS                            |      |
|   |                                                                  |      |
|   |   +--------------+   +--------------+   +--------------+         |      |
|   |   | BORDER       |   | BORDER       |   | BORDER       |         |      |
|   |   | ROUTER 1     |   | ROUTER 2     |   | ROUTER 3     |         |      |
|   |   | Mumbai DC    |   | Chennai DR   |   | (Future)     |         |      |
|   |   +--------------+   +--------------+   +--------------+         |      |
|   |          |                  |                  |                 |      |
|   |          +--------+---------+--------+---------+                 |      |
|   |                   |                  |                           |      |
|   |                   v                  v                           |      |
|   |            CORE TRANSPORT REGION                                 |      |
|   |   +--------------------------------------------------+           |      |
|   |   |                                                  |           |      |
|   |   |   +-----------+          +-----------+           |           |      |
|   |   |   | Core      |<========>| Core      |           |           |      |
|   |   |   | vSmart-C1 |  eBGP    | vSmart-C2 |           |           |      |
|   |   |   | Mumbai    |  Peering | Chennai   |           |           |      |
|   |   |   +-----------+          +-----------+           |           |      |
|   |   |                                                  |           |      |
|   |   +--------------------------------------------------+           |      |
|   |                                                                  |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                                                                              |
+==============================================================================+

2.6.2 Region Design and Assignment

Region Hierarchy

Level Role Components Scope
Core Region Inter-region routing Core vSmarts, Border Routers Global
Access Region Intra-region routing Regional vSmarts, WAN Edges Regional
Transport Region Physical connectivity Border Routers, Transports Transport

Region Assignment for Abhavtech

Region ID Region Name Region Role Sites Included Primary vSmart Secondary vSmart
1 INDIA-ACCESS Access Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Delhi, Noida vSmart-1 (Mumbai) vSmart-2 (Mumbai)
2 EMEA-ACCESS Access London, Frankfurt vSmart-3 (Chennai) vSmart-4 (Chennai)
3 AMERICAS-ACCESS Access New Jersey, Dallas vSmart-3 (Chennai) vSmart-4 (Chennai)
0 CORE Core/Transport Mumbai DC, Chennai DR vSmart-C1 vSmart-C2

Site-to-Region Mapping

!======================================================================
! REGION ASSIGNMENT CONFIGURATION
!======================================================================
!
! Mumbai DC - Region 1 (India) + Core Border
system
 system-ip             10.1.100.1
 site-id               100
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 region                1
 role                  border-router
 secondary-region      0
!
! Chennai DR - Region 1 (India) + Core Border  
system
 system-ip             10.1.200.1
 site-id               200
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 region                1
 role                  border-router
 secondary-region      0
!
! London Hub - Region 2 (EMEA)
system
 system-ip             10.1.300.1
 site-id               300
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 region                2
 role                  edge-router
!
! Frankfurt Hub - Region 2 (EMEA)
system
 system-ip             10.1.301.1
 site-id               301
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 region                2
 role                  edge-router
!
! New Jersey Hub - Region 3 (Americas)
system
 system-ip             10.1.400.1
 site-id               400
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 region                3
 role                  edge-router
!
! Dallas Hub - Region 3 (Americas)
system
 system-ip             10.1.401.1
 site-id               401
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 region                3
 role                  edge-router
!
! Bangalore Branch - Region 1 (India)
system
 system-ip             10.1.103.1
 site-id               103
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 region                1
 role                  edge-router
!
! Delhi Branch - Region 1 (India)
system
 system-ip             10.1.104.1
 site-id               104
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 region                1
 role                  edge-router
!
! Noida Branch - Region 1 (India)
system
 system-ip             10.1.105.1
 site-id               105
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 region                1
 role                  edge-router

2.6.3 Border Router Design

Border Router Role and Placement

                         BORDER ROUTER ARCHITECTURE
+==============================================================================+
|                                                                              |
|   ACCESS REGION 1 (INDIA)          |    ACCESS REGION 2 (EMEA)             |
|   +---------------------------+    |    +---------------------------+       |
|   | Mumbai     Chennai        |    |    | London      Frankfurt     |       |
|   | Bangalore  Delhi   Noida  |    |    +---------------------------+       |
|   +-------------+-------------+    |                 |                      |
|                 |                  |                 |                      |
|                 v                  |                 v                      |
|   +---------------------------+    |    +---------------------------+       |
|   |      BORDER ROUTER 1      |    |    |    (Via Core Region)      |       |
|   |      Mumbai DC            |    |    +---------------------------+       |
|   |      C8500-12X4QC         |    |                                        |
|   |      Role: border-router  |    |    ACCESS REGION 3 (AMERICAS)          |
|   +-------------+-------------+    |    +---------------------------+       |
|                 |                  |    | New Jersey  Dallas        |       |
|                 |                  |    +---------------------------+       |
|                 v                  |                 |                      |
|   +---------------------------+    |                 |                      |
|   |      BORDER ROUTER 2      |    |                 v                      |
|   |      Chennai DR           |<---+----+---------------------------+       |
|   |      C8500-12X4QC         |         |    (Via Core Region)      |       |
|   |      Role: border-router  |         +---------------------------+       |
|   +-------------+-------------+                                             |
|                 |                                                            |
|                 v                                                            |
|   +----------------------------------------------------------+              |
|   |                    CORE TRANSPORT REGION                 |              |
|   |                                                          |              |
|   |   Mumbai Border <======= Core Mesh =======> Chennai Border              |
|   |                                                          |              |
|   |   - Inter-region route exchange via OMP                 |              |
|   |   - Route summarization at border                       |              |
|   |   - Policy enforcement point                            |              |
|   +----------------------------------------------------------+              |
|                                                                              |
+==============================================================================+

Border Router Configuration

!======================================================================
! BORDER ROUTER CONFIGURATION - MUMBAI DC
!======================================================================
!
! System Configuration
system
 system-ip             10.1.100.1
 site-id               100
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 vbond vbond.abhavtech.com
 region                1
 role                  border-router
 secondary-region      0
 affinity-group        preference 1
!
! OMP Configuration for Border Role
omp
 graceful-restart
 no shutdown
 advertise connected
 advertise static
 advertise aggregate
!
! Route Aggregation for Core Advertisement
route-aggregation
 aggregate 10.1.100.0/22
  summary-only
 aggregate 10.10.0.0/16
  summary-only
!
! Affinity Group Configuration
affinity-group preference 1
 region 1
!
affinity-group preference 2
 region 0

2.6.4 Route Exchange and Summarization

OMP Route Hierarchy

Route Type Scope Advertisement Example
OMP Routes Intra-region Full routes within region 10.10.100.0/24
Summary Routes Inter-region Aggregated at border 10.10.0.0/16
Transport Routes Core region Border-to-border Via core vSmarts
Service Routes Global Service-specific Cloud OnRamp

Route Summarization Design

                         ROUTE SUMMARIZATION HIERARCHY
+==============================================================================+
|                                                                              |
|   REGION 1 (INDIA) - Full Routes                                            |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   | Site         | Network              | Advertised Within Region   |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   | Mumbai       | 10.10.100.0/24       | Full /24                   |      |
|   | Chennai      | 10.10.200.0/24       | Full /24                   |      |
|   | Bangalore    | 10.10.103.0/24       | Full /24                   |      |
|   | Delhi        | 10.10.104.0/24       | Full /24                   |      |
|   | Noida        | 10.10.105.0/24       | Full /24                   |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                              |                                               |
|                              v                                               |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   |              BORDER AGGREGATION (Mumbai/Chennai)                 |      |
|   |              Advertise to Core: 10.10.0.0/16                     |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                              |                                               |
|                              v                                               |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   |                    CORE REGION (Region 0)                        |      |
|   |   Receives:                                                      |      |
|   |   - 10.10.0.0/16 from India Border                              |      |
|   |   - 10.20.0.0/16 from EMEA Border                               |      |
|   |   - 10.30.0.0/16 from Americas Border                           |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                              |                                               |
|                              v                                               |
|   INTER-REGION REACHABILITY                                                  |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   | From Region 1 (India) to:                                        |      |
|   |   - EMEA: 10.20.0.0/16 via Core                                 |      |
|   |   - Americas: 10.30.0.0/16 via Core                             |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                                                                              |
+==============================================================================+

Route Policy Configuration

!======================================================================
! OMP ROUTE POLICY FOR MRF
!======================================================================
!
! Policy for advertising to Core Region
policy
 route-policy ADVERTISE-TO-CORE
  sequence 10
   match
    prefix-list INDIA-SUMMARY
   action accept
    set
     aggregator
     as-path prepend 65001
  sequence 20
   action reject
!
! Prefix List for Summarization
policy
 prefix-list INDIA-SUMMARY
  ip-prefix 10.10.0.0/16
!
! Policy for receiving from Core Region
policy
 route-policy RECEIVE-FROM-CORE
  sequence 10
   match
    as-path-list EMEA-ORIGINS
   action accept
    set
     preference 100
  sequence 20
   match
    as-path-list AMERICAS-ORIGINS
   action accept
    set
     preference 100
  sequence 30
   action reject
!
! AS-Path Lists
policy
 as-path-list EMEA-ORIGINS
  regex "65002"
 as-path-list AMERICAS-ORIGINS
  regex "65003"

2.6.5 Affinity Group Design

Affinity Group Strategy

Affinity Group Preference Sites Included Traffic Flow
AG-1 (India Primary) 1 Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Delhi, Noida Intra-India first
AG-2 (EMEA Primary) 1 London, Frankfurt Intra-EMEA first
AG-3 (Americas Primary) 1 New Jersey, Dallas Intra-Americas first
AG-0 (Global) 2 All Border Routers Inter-region via core

Affinity Configuration

!======================================================================
! AFFINITY GROUP CONFIGURATION
!======================================================================
!
! India Sites - Prefer local region
! Mumbai DC
affinity-group
 group 1
  preference
   group 1 preference 1
   group 0 preference 2
   group 2 preference 3
   group 3 preference 3
!
! London Hub - Prefer EMEA, then nearest regions
affinity-group
 group 2
  preference
   group 2 preference 1
   group 0 preference 2
   group 1 preference 3
   group 3 preference 4
!
! New Jersey Hub - Prefer Americas, then nearest regions
affinity-group
 group 3
  preference
   group 3 preference 1
   group 0 preference 2
   group 2 preference 3
   group 1 preference 4

Traffic Flow Optimization

                    AFFINITY-BASED TRAFFIC FLOW
+==============================================================================+
|                                                                              |
|   EXAMPLE: Bangalore to Delhi (Same Region)                                  |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   | Bangalore ---> Mumbai Border ---> Delhi                          |      |
|   | Path: Regional hub-and-spoke (Affinity Group 1)                  |      |
|   | Latency: ~25ms                                                   |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                                                                              |
|   EXAMPLE: Bangalore to London (Cross-Region)                               |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   | Bangalore ---> Mumbai Border ---> [Core] ---> Chennai Border --> |      |
|   |                                                           London |      |
|   | Path: Via Core Region (Affinity Group 0)                        |      |
|   | Latency: ~150ms                                                  |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                                                                              |
|   EXAMPLE: London to Frankfurt (Same Region)                                |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   | London <---> Frankfurt                                           |      |
|   | Path: Direct regional tunnel (Affinity Group 2)                 |      |
|   | Latency: ~15ms                                                   |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                                                                              |
+==============================================================================+

2.6.6 vSmart Distribution for MRF

vSmart Placement Strategy

vSmart Location Role Regions Served Capacity
vSmart-1 Mumbai DC Regional Region 1 (India) 2,000 edges
vSmart-2 Mumbai DC Regional Region 1 (India) 2,000 edges
vSmart-3 Chennai DR Regional Region 2 (EMEA), Region 3 (Americas) 2,000 edges
vSmart-4 Chennai DR Regional Region 2 (EMEA), Region 3 (Americas) 2,000 edges
vSmart-C1 Mumbai DC Core Core Region 0 Border routers
vSmart-C2 Chennai DR Core Core Region 0 Border routers

vSmart Configuration for MRF

!======================================================================
! vSMART CONFIGURATION FOR MRF - REGIONAL vSMART
!======================================================================
!
! vSmart-1 Mumbai (Regional)
system
 system-ip             10.255.255.1
 site-id               100
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 vbond vbond.abhavtech.com
 region                1
 role                  vsmart
!
omp
 no shutdown
 graceful-restart
 send-path-limit       16
 send-backup-paths

policy
 control-policy REGION-1-POLICY
  sequence 10
   match route
    region 1
   action accept
  sequence 20
   match route
    region 0
   action accept
  sequence 30
   action reject
!
! Apply Control Policy
apply-policy
 site-list REGION-1-SITES
  control-policy REGION-1-POLICY out
!======================================================================
! vSMART CONFIGURATION FOR MRF - CORE vSMART
!======================================================================
!
! vSmart-C1 Mumbai (Core)
system
 system-ip             10.255.255.10
 site-id               100
 organization-name     ABHAVTECH-COM
 vbond vbond.abhavtech.com
 region                0
 role                  vsmart
!
omp
 no shutdown
 graceful-restart
 send-path-limit       4
 send-backup-paths
!
policy
 control-policy CORE-AGGREGATION
  sequence 10
   match route
    aggregated
   action accept
  sequence 20
   action reject
!
apply-policy
 site-list BORDER-ROUTERS
  control-policy CORE-AGGREGATION in

2.6.7 MRF Verification and Troubleshooting

Verification Commands

!======================================================================
! MRF VERIFICATION COMMANDS
!======================================================================
!
! Verify region assignment
show sdwan system status
!
! Expected Output:
! Region ID:        1
! Role:             border-router
! Secondary Region: 0
!
! Verify affinity group membership
show sdwan affinity-group all
!
! Verify OMP routes by region
show sdwan omp routes region 1
show sdwan omp routes region 0
!
! Verify border router status
show sdwan control connections | include border
!
! Verify route summarization
show sdwan omp summary
!
! Verify inter-region connectivity
show sdwan bfd sessions region 0

Troubleshooting Scenarios

Issue Symptom Verification Resolution
Region misconfiguration Sites not communicating show sdwan system status Correct region ID
Border router down Inter-region traffic fails show sdwan control connections Check border router health
Route not summarized Full routes in core show sdwan omp routes Verify aggregate config
Affinity mismatch Suboptimal path show sdwan affinity-group Adjust preferences
Core vSmart failure Inter-region fails show sdwan control connections Failover to secondary

2.6.8 MRF Scalability Considerations

Capacity Planning

Component Current Year 1 Year 3 Capacity Limit
Total WAN Edges 15 25 50 20,000
Regions 3 + Core 4 + Core 5 + Core 64
vSmarts per Region 2 2 2-4 20
Border Routers 2 4 6 16 per region
OMP Routes (Core) 100 200 500 500,000

Growth Path

                         MRF SCALABILITY ROADMAP
+==============================================================================+
|                                                                              |
|   YEAR 0 (Current)                                                          |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   | 3 Access Regions + 1 Core Region                                 |      |
|   | 2 Border Routers (Mumbai, Chennai)                              |      |
|   | 4 Regional vSmarts + 2 Core vSmarts                             |      |
|   | 15 WAN Edges                                                    |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                                     |                                        |
|                                     v                                        |
|   YEAR 1                                                                     |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   | 4 Access Regions (add APAC)                                     |      |
|   | 4 Border Routers (add Singapore, Sydney)                        |      |
|   | 6 Regional vSmarts + 2 Core vSmarts                             |      |
|   | 25 WAN Edges                                                    |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                                     |                                        |
|                                     v                                        |
|   YEAR 3                                                                     |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|   | 5 Access Regions (add LATAM)                                    |      |
|   | 6 Border Routers (add Sao Paulo)                                |      |
|   | 10 Regional vSmarts + 4 Core vSmarts                            |      |
|   | 50 WAN Edges                                                    |      |
|   +------------------------------------------------------------------+      |
|                                                                              |
+==============================================================================+

Document Control

Version Date Author Changes
1.0 December 30, 2025 Network Architecture Team Initial release

This document is part of the Abhavtech.com SD-WAN Documentation Suite Confidential - Internal Use Only